diff --git a/system/core/CodeIgniter.php b/system/core/CodeIgniter.php
index 97527e5..04f346c 100755
--- a/system/core/CodeIgniter.php
+++ b/system/core/CodeIgniter.php
@@ -59,14 +59,7 @@
  *  Load the framework constants
  * ------------------------------------------------------
  */
-	if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND file_exists(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/constants.php'))
-	{
-		require(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/constants.php');
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		require(APPPATH.'config/constants.php');
-	}
+ 	load_environ_config('constants', TRUE);
 
 /*
  * ------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/system/core/Common.php b/system/core/Common.php
index b0921fe..9e05f3d 100644
--- a/system/core/Common.php
+++ b/system/core/Common.php
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@
 * Since there are a few places where we conditionally test for PHP > 5
 * we'll set a static variable.
 *
-* @access	public
 * @param	string
 * @return	bool	TRUE if the current version is $version or higher
 */
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@
  * the file, based on the read-only attribute.  is_writable() is also unreliable
  * on Unix servers if safe_mode is on.
  *
- * @access	private
  * @return	void
  */
 if ( ! function_exists('is_really_writable'))
@@ -118,18 +116,17 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Class registry
-*
-* This function acts as a singleton.  If the requested class does not
-* exist it is instantiated and set to a static variable.  If it has
-* previously been instantiated the variable is returned.
-*
-* @access	public
-* @param	string	the class name being requested
-* @param	string	the directory where the class should be found
-* @param	string	the class name prefix
-* @return	object
-*/
+ * Class registry
+ *
+ * This function acts as a singleton.  If the requested class does not
+ * exist it is instantiated and set to a static variable.  If it has
+ * previously been instantiated the variable is returned.
+ *
+ * @param	string	the class name being requested
+ * @param	string	the directory where the class should be found
+ * @param	string	the class name prefix
+ * @return	object
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('load_class'))
 {
 	function &load_class($class, $directory = 'libraries', $prefix = 'CI_')
@@ -191,12 +188,11 @@
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Keeps track of which libraries have been loaded.  This function is
-* called by the load_class() function above
-*
-* @access	public
-* @return	array
-*/
+ * Keeps track of which libraries have been loaded.  This function is
+ * called by the load_class() function above
+ *
+ * @return	array
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('is_loaded'))
 {
 	function is_loaded($class = '')
@@ -215,14 +211,13 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Loads the main config.php file
-*
-* This function lets us grab the config file even if the Config class
-* hasn't been instantiated yet
-*
-* @access	private
-* @return	array
-*/
+ * Loads the main config.php file
+ *
+ * This function lets us grab the config file even if the Config class
+ * hasn't been instantiated yet
+ *
+ * @return	array
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('get_config'))
 {
 	function &get_config($replace = array())
@@ -273,11 +268,10 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Returns the specified config item
-*
-* @access	public
-* @return	mixed
-*/
+ * Returns the specified config item
+ *
+ * @return	mixed
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('config_item'))
 {
 	function config_item($item)
@@ -302,17 +296,16 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Error Handler
-*
-* This function lets us invoke the exception class and
-* display errors using the standard error template located
-* in application/errors/errors.php
-* This function will send the error page directly to the
-* browser and exit.
-*
-* @access	public
-* @return	void
-*/
+ * Error Handler
+ *
+ * This function lets us invoke the exception class and
+ * display errors using the standard error template located
+ * in application/errors/errors.php
+ * This function will send the error page directly to the
+ * browser and exit.
+ *
+ * @return	void
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('show_error'))
 {
 	function show_error($message, $status_code = 500, $heading = 'An Error Was Encountered')
@@ -326,15 +319,14 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* 404 Page Handler
-*
-* This function is similar to the show_error() function above
-* However, instead of the standard error template it displays
-* 404 errors.
-*
-* @access	public
-* @return	void
-*/
+ * 404 Page Handler
+ *
+ * This function is similar to the show_error() function above
+ * However, instead of the standard error template it displays
+ * 404 errors.
+ *
+ * @return	void
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('show_404'))
 {
 	function show_404($page = '', $log_error = TRUE)
@@ -348,14 +340,13 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Error Logging Interface
-*
-* We use this as a simple mechanism to access the logging
-* class and send messages to be logged.
-*
-* @access	public
-* @return	void
-*/
+ * Error Logging Interface
+ *
+ * We use this as a simple mechanism to access the logging
+ * class and send messages to be logged.
+ *
+ * @return	void
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('log_message'))
 {
 	function log_message($level = 'error', $message, $php_error = FALSE)
@@ -377,7 +368,6 @@
 /**
  * Set HTTP Status Header
  *
- * @access	public
  * @param	int		the status code
  * @param	string
  * @return	void
@@ -464,19 +454,18 @@
 // --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Exception Handler
-*
-* This is the custom exception handler that is declaired at the top
-* of Codeigniter.php.  The main reason we use this is to permit
-* PHP errors to be logged in our own log files since the user may
-* not have access to server logs. Since this function
-* effectively intercepts PHP errors, however, we also need
-* to display errors based on the current error_reporting level.
-* We do that with the use of a PHP error template.
-*
-* @access	private
-* @return	void
-*/
+ * Exception Handler
+ *
+ * This is the custom exception handler that is declaired at the top
+ * of Codeigniter.php.  The main reason we use this is to permit
+ * PHP errors to be logged in our own log files since the user may
+ * not have access to server logs. Since this function
+ * effectively intercepts PHP errors, however, we also need
+ * to display errors based on the current error_reporting level.
+ * We do that with the use of a PHP error template.
+ *
+ * @return	void
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('_exception_handler'))
 {
 	function _exception_handler($severity, $message, $filepath, $line)
@@ -518,7 +507,6 @@
  * This prevents sandwiching null characters
  * between ascii characters, like Java\0script.
  *
- * @access	public
  * @param	string
  * @return	string
  */
@@ -552,12 +540,11 @@
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
-* Returns HTML escaped variable
-*
-* @access	public
-* @param	mixed
-* @return	mixed
-*/
+ * Returns HTML escaped variable
+ *
+ * @param	mixed
+ * @return	mixed
+ */
 if ( ! function_exists('html_escape'))
 {
 	function html_escape($var)
@@ -566,12 +553,57 @@
 		{
 			return array_map('html_escape', $var);
 		}
-		else
-		{
-			return htmlspecialchars($var, ENT_QUOTES, config_item('charset'));
-		}
+
+		return htmlspecialchars($var, ENT_QUOTES, config_item('charset'));
 	}
 }
 
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Load Environmental config directory files.
+ *
+ * In several places we check to see if the environment is loaded up and if the file
+ * that is being requested lives in said environment. Otherwise load up the file from
+ * the main CI config dir.
+ *
+ * @todo 	Optimize a bit to lessen the file system hits if the file has been loaded.
+ * @param 	string 	filename without extension.  eg:  'config' or 'hooks'
+ * @param 	boolean	whether or not to do a `require_once()` or a simple `include()`
+ * @return 	void
+ */
+ if ( ! function_exists('load_environ_config'))
+ {
+	function load_environ_config($file, $require=FALSE)
+	{
+		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND file_exists(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/'.$file.'.php'))
+		{
+			if ($require)
+			{
+				require_once(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/'.$file.'.php');
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/'.$file.'.php');
+			}
+			
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if ($require)
+		{
+			require_once(APPPATH.'config/'.$file.'.php');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			include(APPPATH.'config/'.$file.'.php');
+		}
+		
+		return;
+	}
+ }
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 /* End of file Common.php */
 /* Location: ./system/core/Common.php */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/system/core/Hooks.php b/system/core/Hooks.php
index aa251a3..6a36ce9 100755
--- a/system/core/Hooks.php
+++ b/system/core/Hooks.php
@@ -91,16 +91,7 @@
 
 		// Grab the "hooks" definition file.
 		// If there are no hooks, we're done.
-
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/hooks.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/hooks.php');
-		}
-		elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/hooks.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/hooks.php');
-		}
-
+		load_environ_config('hooks');
 
 		if ( ! isset($hook) OR ! is_array($hook))
 		{
diff --git a/system/core/Loader.php b/system/core/Loader.php
index 4e14b54..83d134e 100644
--- a/system/core/Loader.php
+++ b/system/core/Loader.php
@@ -495,6 +495,20 @@
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
+	 * Get Variables
+	 *
+	 * Retrieve all loaded variables
+	 *
+	 * @return	array
+	 */
+	public function get_vars()
+	{
+		return $this->_ci_cached_vars;
+	}
+
+	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+	/**
 	 * Load Helper
 	 *
 	 * This function loads the specified helper file.
@@ -1125,14 +1139,7 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _ci_autoloader()
 	{
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND file_exists(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/autoload.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/autoload.php');
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/autoload.php');
-		}
+		load_environ_config('autoload');
 
 		if ( ! isset($autoload))
 		{
diff --git a/system/core/Output.php b/system/core/Output.php
index 9727a18..4d1036c 100755
--- a/system/core/Output.php
+++ b/system/core/Output.php
@@ -106,15 +106,7 @@
 		$this->_zlib_oc = @ini_get('zlib.output_compression');
 
 		// Get mime types for later
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND file_exists(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php'))
-		{
-			include APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php';
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			include APPPATH.'config/mimes.php';
-		}
-
+		load_environ_config('mimes');
 
 		$this->mime_types = $mimes;
 
diff --git a/system/core/Router.php b/system/core/Router.php
index 748678d..5388a92 100755
--- a/system/core/Router.php
+++ b/system/core/Router.php
@@ -141,14 +141,7 @@
 		}
 
 		// Load the routes.php file.
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/routes.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/routes.php');
-		}
-		elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/routes.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/routes.php');
-		}
+		load_environ_config('routes');
 
 		$this->routes = ( ! isset($route) OR ! is_array($route)) ? array() : $route;
 		unset($route);
diff --git a/system/core/Utf8.php b/system/core/Utf8.php
index 7abe4e4..1bcf526 100644
--- a/system/core/Utf8.php
+++ b/system/core/Utf8.php
@@ -44,19 +44,18 @@
 	 * Constructor
 	 *
 	 * Determines if UTF-8 support is to be enabled
-	 *
 	 */
-	function __construct()
+	public function __construct()
 	{
 		log_message('debug', "Utf8 Class Initialized");
 
 		global $CFG;
 
 		if (
-			preg_match('/./u', 'é') === 1					// PCRE must support UTF-8
-			AND function_exists('iconv')					// iconv must be installed
-			AND ini_get('mbstring.func_overload') != 1		// Multibyte string function overloading cannot be enabled
-			AND $CFG->item('charset') == 'UTF-8'			// Application charset must be UTF-8
+			@preg_match('/./u', 'é') === 1		// PCRE must support UTF-8
+			&& function_exists('iconv')			// iconv must be installed
+			&& ini_get('mbstring.func_overload') !== 1	// Multibyte string function overloading cannot be enabled
+			&& $CFG->item('charset') == 'UTF-8'			// Application charset must be UTF-8
 			)
 		{
 			log_message('debug', "UTF-8 Support Enabled");
@@ -90,11 +89,10 @@
 	 *
 	 * Ensures strings are UTF-8
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function clean_string($str)
+	public function clean_string($str)
 	{
 		if ($this->_is_ascii($str) === FALSE)
 		{
@@ -113,11 +111,10 @@
 	 * line feeds, and carriage returns, as all others can cause
 	 * problems in XML
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function safe_ascii_for_xml($str)
+	public function safe_ascii_for_xml($str)
 	{
 		return remove_invisible_characters($str, FALSE);
 	}
@@ -129,12 +126,11 @@
 	 *
 	 * Attempts to convert a string to UTF-8
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string	- input encoding
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function convert_to_utf8($str, $encoding)
+	public function convert_to_utf8($str, $encoding)
 	{
 		if (function_exists('iconv'))
 		{
@@ -159,13 +155,12 @@
 	 *
 	 * Tests if a string is standard 7-bit ASCII or not
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	bool
 	 */
-	function _is_ascii($str)
+	protected function _is_ascii($str)
 	{
-		return (preg_match('/[^\x00-\x7F]/S', $str) == 0);
+		return (preg_match('/[^\x00-\x7F]/S', $str) === 0);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/system/helpers/download_helper.php b/system/helpers/download_helper.php
index 5f5d1aa..3173c98 100644
--- a/system/helpers/download_helper.php
+++ b/system/helpers/download_helper.php
@@ -70,14 +70,7 @@
 		$extension = end($x);
 
 		// Load the mime types
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php');
-		}
-		elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/mimes.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/mimes.php');
-		}
+		load_environ_config('mimes');
 
 		// Set a default mime if we can't find it
 		if ( ! isset($mimes[$extension]))
diff --git a/system/helpers/file_helper.php b/system/helpers/file_helper.php
index 5b50853..b4edcde 100644
--- a/system/helpers/file_helper.php
+++ b/system/helpers/file_helper.php
@@ -364,14 +364,7 @@
 
 		if ( ! is_array($mimes))
 		{
-			if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php');
-			}
-			elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/mimes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config/mimes.php');
-			}
+			load_environ_config('mimes');
 
 			if ( ! is_array($mimes))
 			{
diff --git a/system/helpers/html_helper.php b/system/helpers/html_helper.php
index b6bb402..fa805f1 100644
--- a/system/helpers/html_helper.php
+++ b/system/helpers/html_helper.php
@@ -275,14 +275,7 @@
 
 		if ( ! is_array($_doctypes))
 		{
-			if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/doctypes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/doctypes.php');
-			}
-			elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/doctypes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config/doctypes.php');
-			}
+			load_environ_config('doctypes');
 
 			if ( ! is_array($_doctypes))
 			{
diff --git a/system/helpers/smiley_helper.php b/system/helpers/smiley_helper.php
index 38e2965..e04d5d6 100644
--- a/system/helpers/smiley_helper.php
+++ b/system/helpers/smiley_helper.php
@@ -241,14 +241,7 @@
 {
 	function _get_smiley_array()
 	{
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND file_exists(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/smileys.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/smileys.php');
-		}
-		elseif (file_exists(APPPATH.'config/smileys.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/smileys.php');
-		}
+		load_environ_config('smileys');
 		
 		if (isset($smileys) AND is_array($smileys))
 		{
diff --git a/system/helpers/text_helper.php b/system/helpers/text_helper.php
index 38b46e2..7a4a689 100644
--- a/system/helpers/text_helper.php
+++ b/system/helpers/text_helper.php
@@ -378,14 +378,7 @@
 {
 	function convert_accented_characters($str)
 	{
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/foreign_chars.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/foreign_chars.php');
-		}
-		elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/foreign_chars.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/foreign_chars.php');
-		}
+		load_environ_config('foreign_chars');
 
 		if ( ! isset($foreign_characters))
 		{
diff --git a/system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php b/system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php
index c296fa7..8725373 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -22,22 +22,22 @@
  * @license		http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0 Open Software License (OSL 3.0)
  * @link		http://codeigniter.com
  * @since		Version 2.0
- * @filesource	
+ * @filesource
  */
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
- * CodeIgniter Caching Class 
+ * CodeIgniter Caching Class
  *
  * @package		CodeIgniter
  * @subpackage	Libraries
  * @category	Core
  * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
- * @link		
+ * @link
  */
 class CI_Cache extends CI_Driver_Library {
-	
+
 	protected $valid_drivers 	= array(
 		'cache_apc', 'cache_file', 'cache_memcached', 'cache_dummy'
 	);
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 	protected $_cache_path		= NULL;		// Path of cache files (if file-based cache)
 	protected $_adapter			= 'dummy';
 	protected $_backup_driver;
-	
+
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -64,16 +64,16 @@
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
-	 * Get 
+	 * Get
 	 *
-	 * Look for a value in the cache.  If it exists, return the data 
+	 * Look for a value in the cache.  If it exists, return the data
 	 * if not, return FALSE
 	 *
-	 * @param 	string	
+	 * @param 	string
 	 * @return 	mixed		value that is stored/FALSE on failure
 	 */
 	public function get($id)
-	{	
+	{
 		return $this->{$this->_adapter}->get($id);
 	}
 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@
 	 * Cache Info
 	 *
 	 * @param 	string		user/filehits
-	 * @return 	mixed		array on success, false on failure	
+	 * @return 	mixed		array on success, false on failure
 	 */
 	public function cache_info($type = 'user')
 	{
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
 	}
 
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-	
+
 	/**
 	 * Get Cache Metadata
 	 *
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
 	{
 		return $this->{$this->_adapter}->get_metadata($id);
 	}
-	
+
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@
 	 *
 	 * Initialize class properties based on the configuration array.
 	 *
-	 * @param	array 	
+	 * @param	array
 	 * @return 	void
 	 */
 	private function _initialize($config)
@@ -219,10 +219,10 @@
 
 		return $obj;
 	}
-	
+
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 }
 // End Class
 
 /* End of file Cache.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/Cache.php */
diff --git a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_apc.php b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_apc.php
index f15cf85..90b6868 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_apc.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_apc.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -22,30 +22,30 @@
  * @license		http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0 Open Software License (OSL 3.0)
  * @link		http://codeigniter.com
  * @since		Version 2.0
- * @filesource	
+ * @filesource
  */
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
- * CodeIgniter APC Caching Class 
+ * CodeIgniter APC Caching Class
  *
  * @package		CodeIgniter
  * @subpackage	Libraries
  * @category	Core
  * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
- * @link		
+ * @link
  */
 
 class CI_Cache_apc extends CI_Driver {
 
 	/**
-	 * Get 
+	 * Get
 	 *
-	 * Look for a value in the cache.  If it exists, return the data 
+	 * Look for a value in the cache.  If it exists, return the data
 	 * if not, return FALSE
 	 *
-	 * @param 	string	
+	 * @param 	string
 	 * @return 	mixed		value that is stored/FALSE on failure
 	 */
 	public function get($id)
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@
 		return (is_array($data)) ? $data[0] : FALSE;
 	}
 
-	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------	
-	
+	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
 	/**
 	 * Cache Save
 	 *
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
 	{
 		return apc_store($id, array($data, time(), $ttl), $ttl);
 	}
-	
+
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 	 * Cache Info
 	 *
 	 * @param 	string		user/filehits
-	 * @return 	mixed		array on success, false on failure	
+	 * @return 	mixed		array on success, false on failure
 	 */
 	 public function cache_info($type = NULL)
 	 {
@@ -149,13 +149,13 @@
 			log_message('error', 'The APC PHP extension must be loaded to use APC Cache.');
 			return FALSE;
 		}
-		
+
 		return TRUE;
 	}
 
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-	
+
 }
 // End Class
 
diff --git a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php
index 965bb2b..ff787e9 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -138,4 +138,4 @@
 // End Class
 
 /* End of file Cache_dummy.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_dummy.php */
diff --git a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_file.php b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_file.php
index be392d3..1942797 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_file.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_file.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -22,19 +22,19 @@
  * @license		http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0 Open Software License (OSL 3.0)
  * @link		http://codeigniter.com
  * @since		Version 2.0
- * @filesource	
+ * @filesource
  */
 
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 /**
- * CodeIgniter Memcached Caching Class 
+ * CodeIgniter Memcached Caching Class
  *
  * @package		CodeIgniter
  * @subpackage	Libraries
  * @category	Core
  * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
- * @link		
+ * @link
  */
 
 class CI_Cache_file extends CI_Driver {
@@ -48,9 +48,7 @@
 	{
 		$CI =& get_instance();
 		$CI->load->helper('file');
-		
 		$path = $CI->config->item('cache_path');
-	
 		$this->_cache_path = ($path == '') ? APPPATH.'cache/' : $path;
 	}
 
@@ -68,16 +66,15 @@
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
-		
-		$data = read_file($this->_cache_path.$id);
-		$data = unserialize($data);
-		
+
+		$data = unserialize(read_file($this->_cache_path.$id));
+
 		if (time() >  $data['time'] + $data['ttl'])
 		{
 			unlink($this->_cache_path.$id);
 			return FALSE;
 		}
-		
+
 		return $data['data'];
 	}
 
@@ -88,22 +85,22 @@
 	 *
 	 * @param 	string		unique key
 	 * @param 	mixed		data to store
-	 * @param 	int			length of time (in seconds) the cache is valid 
+	 * @param 	int			length of time (in seconds) the cache is valid
 	 *						- Default is 60 seconds
 	 * @return 	boolean		true on success/false on failure
 	 */
 	public function save($id, $data, $ttl = 60)
-	{		
+	{
 		$contents = array(
 				'time'		=> time(),
-				'ttl'		=> $ttl,			
+				'ttl'		=> $ttl,
 				'data'		=> $data
 			);
-		
+
 		if (write_file($this->_cache_path.$id, serialize($contents)))
 		{
 			@chmod($this->_cache_path.$id, 0777);
-			return TRUE;			
+			return TRUE;
 		}
 
 		return FALSE;
@@ -119,14 +116,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function delete($id)
 	{
-		if (file_exists($this->_cache_path.$id))
-		{
-			return unlink($this->_cache_path.$id);
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
+		return (file_exists($this->_cache_path.$id)) ? unlink($this->_cache_path.$id) : FALSE;
 	}
 
 	// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -135,7 +125,7 @@
 	 * Clean the Cache
 	 *
 	 * @return 	boolean		false on failure/true on success
-	 */	
+	 */
 	public function clean()
 	{
 		return delete_files($this->_cache_path);
@@ -170,10 +160,9 @@
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
-		
-		$data = read_file($this->_cache_path.$id);		
-		$data = unserialize($data);
-		
+
+		$data = unserialize(read_file($this->_cache_path.$id));
+
 		if (is_array($data))
 		{
 			$mtime = filemtime($this->_cache_path.$id);
@@ -188,7 +177,7 @@
 				'mtime'	 => $mtime
 			);
 		}
-		
+
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 
@@ -198,7 +187,7 @@
 	 * Is supported
 	 *
 	 * In the file driver, check to see that the cache directory is indeed writable
-	 * 
+	 *
 	 * @return boolean
 	 */
 	public function is_supported()
diff --git a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php
index 78cab25..0037e67 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 		{
 			return $this->_memcached->set($id, array($data, time(), $ttl), 0, $ttl);
 		}
-		
+
 		return FALSE;
 	}
 
@@ -256,4 +256,4 @@
 // End Class
 
 /* End of file Cache_memcached.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/libraries/Cache/drivers/Cache_memcached.php */
diff --git a/system/libraries/Encrypt.php b/system/libraries/Encrypt.php
index c2cb808..92b0b3c 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Encrypt.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Encrypt.php
@@ -40,22 +40,19 @@
  */
 class CI_Encrypt {
 
-	var $CI;
-	var $encryption_key	= '';
-	var $_hash_type	= 'sha1';
-	var $_mcrypt_exists = FALSE;
-	var $_mcrypt_cipher;
-	var $_mcrypt_mode;
+	public $encryption_key	= '';
+	protected $_hash_type	= 'sha1';
+	protected $_mcrypt_exists = FALSE;
+	protected $_mcrypt_cipher;
+	protected $_mcrypt_mode;
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
 	 *
 	 * Simply determines whether the mcrypt library exists.
-	 *
 	 */
 	public function __construct()
 	{
-		$this->CI =& get_instance();
 		$this->_mcrypt_exists = ( ! function_exists('mcrypt_encrypt')) ? FALSE : TRUE;
 		log_message('debug', "Encrypt Class Initialized");
 	}
@@ -68,11 +65,10 @@
 	 * Returns it as MD5 in order to have an exact-length 128 bit key.
 	 * Mcrypt is sensitive to keys that are not the correct length
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function get_key($key = '')
+	public function get_key($key = '')
 	{
 		if ($key == '')
 		{
@@ -84,7 +80,7 @@
 			$CI =& get_instance();
 			$key = $CI->config->item('encryption_key');
 
-			if ($key == FALSE)
+			if ($key === FALSE)
 			{
 				show_error('In order to use the encryption class requires that you set an encryption key in your config file.');
 			}
@@ -98,13 +94,13 @@
 	/**
 	 * Set the encryption key
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_key($key = '')
+	public function set_key($key = '')
 	{
 		$this->encryption_key = $key;
+		return $this;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -120,12 +116,11 @@
 	 * that is randomized with each call to this function,
 	 * even if the supplied message and key are the same.
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string	the string to encode
 	 * @param	string	the key
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function encode($string, $key = '')
+	public function encode($string, $key = '')
 	{
 		$key = $this->get_key($key);
 
@@ -148,12 +143,11 @@
 	 *
 	 * Reverses the above process
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function decode($string, $key = '')
+	public function decode($string, $key = '')
 	{
 		$key = $this->get_key($key);
 
@@ -191,13 +185,12 @@
 	 *
 	 * For more details, see http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/installation/upgrade_200.html#encryption
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	int		(mcrypt mode constant)
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function encode_from_legacy($string, $legacy_mode = MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, $key = '')
+	public function encode_from_legacy($string, $legacy_mode = MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, $key = '')
 	{
 		if ($this->_mcrypt_exists === FALSE)
 		{
@@ -242,12 +235,11 @@
 	 * Takes a plain-text string and key as input and generates an
 	 * encoded bit-string using XOR
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _xor_encode($string, $key)
+	protected function _xor_encode($string, $key)
 	{
 		$rand = '';
 		while (strlen($rand) < 32)
@@ -274,12 +266,11 @@
 	 * Takes an encoded string and key as input and generates the
 	 * plain-text original message
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _xor_decode($string, $key)
+	protected function _xor_decode($string, $key)
 	{
 		$string = $this->_xor_merge($string, $key);
 
@@ -299,12 +290,11 @@
 	 *
 	 * Takes a string and key as input and computes the difference using XOR
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _xor_merge($string, $key)
+	protected function _xor_merge($string, $key)
 	{
 		$hash = $this->hash($key);
 		$str = '';
@@ -321,12 +311,11 @@
 	/**
 	 * Encrypt using Mcrypt
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function mcrypt_encode($data, $key)
+	public function mcrypt_encode($data, $key)
 	{
 		$init_size = mcrypt_get_iv_size($this->_get_cipher(), $this->_get_mode());
 		$init_vect = mcrypt_create_iv($init_size, MCRYPT_RAND);
@@ -338,12 +327,11 @@
 	/**
 	 * Decrypt using Mcrypt
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function mcrypt_decode($data, $key)
+	public function mcrypt_decode($data, $key)
 	{
 		$data = $this->_remove_cipher_noise($data, $key);
 		$init_size = mcrypt_get_iv_size($this->_get_cipher(), $this->_get_mode());
@@ -365,14 +353,11 @@
 	 * against Man-in-the-middle attacks on CBC mode ciphers
 	 * http://www.ciphersbyritter.com/GLOSSARY.HTM#IV
 	 *
-	 * Function description
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _add_cipher_noise($data, $key)
+	protected function _add_cipher_noise($data, $key)
 	{
 		$keyhash = $this->hash($key);
 		$keylen = strlen($keyhash);
@@ -399,11 +384,10 @@
 	 *
 	 * Function description
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	type
 	 * @return	type
 	 */
-	function _remove_cipher_noise($data, $key)
+	protected function _remove_cipher_noise($data, $key)
 	{
 		$keyhash = $this->hash($key);
 		$keylen = strlen($keyhash);
@@ -434,13 +418,13 @@
 	/**
 	 * Set the Mcrypt Cipher
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	constant
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function set_cipher($cipher)
+	public function set_cipher($cipher)
 	{
 		$this->_mcrypt_cipher = $cipher;
+		return $this;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -448,13 +432,13 @@
 	/**
 	 * Set the Mcrypt Mode
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	constant
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
 	function set_mode($mode)
 	{
 		$this->_mcrypt_mode = $mode;
+		return $this;
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -462,10 +446,9 @@
 	/**
 	 * Get Mcrypt cipher Value
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _get_cipher()
+	protected function _get_cipher()
 	{
 		if ($this->_mcrypt_cipher == '')
 		{
@@ -480,10 +463,9 @@
 	/**
 	 * Get Mcrypt Mode Value
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _get_mode()
+	protected function _get_mode()
 	{
 		if ($this->_mcrypt_mode == '')
 		{
@@ -498,11 +480,10 @@
 	/**
 	 * Set the Hash type
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function set_hash($type = 'sha1')
+	public function set_hash($type = 'sha1')
 	{
 		$this->_hash_type = ($type != 'sha1' AND $type != 'md5') ? 'sha1' : $type;
 	}
@@ -512,45 +493,13 @@
 	/**
 	 * Hash encode a string
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function hash($str)
+	public function hash($str)
 	{
-		return ($this->_hash_type == 'sha1') ? $this->sha1($str) : md5($str);
+		return ($this->_hash_type == 'sha1') ? sha1($str) : md5($str);
 	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Generate an SHA1 Hash
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function sha1($str)
-	{
-		if ( ! function_exists('sha1'))
-		{
-			if ( ! function_exists('mhash'))
-			{
-				require_once(BASEPATH.'libraries/Sha1.php');
-				$SH = new CI_SHA;
-				return $SH->generate($str);
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				return bin2hex(mhash(MHASH_SHA1, $str));
-			}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return sha1($str);
-		}
-	}
-
 }
 
 // END CI_Encrypt class
diff --git a/system/libraries/Form_validation.php b/system/libraries/Form_validation.php
index 3f53232..d83afdd 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Form_validation.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Form_validation.php
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 	public function set_rules($field, $label = '', $rules = '')
 	{
 		// No reason to set rules if we have no POST data
-		if (count($_POST) == 0)
+		if (count($_POST) === 0)
 		{
 			return $this;
 		}
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 		}
 
 		// No fields? Nothing to do...
-		if ( ! is_string($field) OR  ! is_string($rules) OR $field == '')
+		if ( ! is_string($field) OR ! is_string($rules) OR $field == '')
 		{
 			return $this;
 		}
@@ -121,21 +121,20 @@
 		// If the field label wasn't passed we use the field name
 		$label = ($label == '') ? $field : $label;
 
-		// Is the field name an array?  We test for the existence of a bracket "[" in
-		// the field name to determine this.  If it is an array, we break it apart
+		// Is the field name an array? If it is an array, we break it apart
 		// into its components so that we can fetch the corresponding POST data later
-		if (strpos($field, '[') !== FALSE AND preg_match_all('/\[(.*?)\]/', $field, $matches))
+		if (preg_match_all('/\[(.*?)\]/', $field, $matches))
 		{
 			// Note: Due to a bug in current() that affects some versions
 			// of PHP we can not pass function call directly into it
 			$x = explode('[', $field);
 			$indexes[] = current($x);
 
-			for ($i = 0; $i < count($matches['0']); $i++)
+			for ($i = 0, $c = count($matches[0]); $i < $c; $i++)
 			{
-				if ($matches['1'][$i] != '')
+				if ($matches[1][$i] != '')
 				{
-					$indexes[] = $matches['1'][$i];
+					$indexes[] = $matches[1][$i];
 				}
 			}
 
@@ -293,17 +292,17 @@
 	public function run($group = '')
 	{
 		// Do we even have any data to process?  Mm?
-		if (count($_POST) == 0)
+		if (count($_POST) === 0)
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
 
 		// Does the _field_data array containing the validation rules exist?
 		// If not, we look to see if they were assigned via a config file
-		if (count($this->_field_data) == 0)
+		if (count($this->_field_data) === 0)
 		{
 			// No validation rules?  We're done...
-			if (count($this->_config_rules) == 0)
+			if (count($this->_config_rules) === 0)
 			{
 				return FALSE;
 			}
@@ -321,7 +320,7 @@
 			}
 
 			// We're we able to set the rules correctly?
-			if (count($this->_field_data) == 0)
+			if (count($this->_field_data) === 0)
 			{
 				log_message('debug', "Unable to find validation rules");
 				return FALSE;
@@ -338,7 +337,7 @@
 			// Fetch the data from the corresponding $_POST array and cache it in the _field_data array.
 			// Depending on whether the field name is an array or a string will determine where we get it from.
 
-			if ($row['is_array'] == TRUE)
+			if ($row['is_array'] === TRUE)
 			{
 				$this->_field_data[$field]['postdata'] = $this->_reduce_array($_POST, $row['keys']);
 			}
@@ -364,14 +363,7 @@
 		// Now we need to re-set the POST data with the new, processed data
 		$this->_reset_post_array();
 
-		// No errors, validation passes!
-		if ($total_errors == 0)
-		{
-			return TRUE;
-		}
-
-		// Validation fails
-		return FALSE;
+		return ($total_errors === 0);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -379,7 +371,7 @@
 	/**
 	 * Traverse a multidimensional $_POST array index until the data is found
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @param	integer
@@ -387,23 +379,9 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _reduce_array($array, $keys, $i = 0)
 	{
-		if (is_array($array))
+		if (is_array($array) && isset($keys[$i]))
 		{
-			if (isset($keys[$i]))
-			{
-				if (isset($array[$keys[$i]]))
-				{
-					$array = $this->_reduce_array($array[$keys[$i]], $keys, ($i+1));
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					return NULL;
-				}
-			}
-			else
-			{
-				return $array;
-			}
+			return isset($array[$keys[$i]]) ? $this->_reduce_array($array[$keys[$i]], $keys, ($i+1)) : NULL;
 		}
 
 		return $array;
@@ -414,7 +392,7 @@
 	/**
 	 * Re-populate the _POST array with our finalized and processed data
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @return	null
 	 */
 	protected function _reset_post_array()
@@ -423,7 +401,7 @@
 		{
 			if ( ! is_null($row['postdata']))
 			{
-				if ($row['is_array'] == FALSE)
+				if ($row['is_array'] === FALSE)
 				{
 					if (isset($_POST[$row['field']]))
 					{
@@ -436,7 +414,7 @@
 					$post_ref =& $_POST;
 
 					// before we assign values, make a reference to the right POST key
-					if (count($row['keys']) == 1)
+					if (count($row['keys']) === 1)
 					{
 						$post_ref =& $post_ref[current($row['keys'])];
 					}
@@ -472,7 +450,7 @@
 	/**
 	 * Executes the Validation routines
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @param	mixed
@@ -514,7 +492,7 @@
 		// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 		// Isset Test. Typically this rule will only apply to checkboxes.
-		if (is_null($postdata) AND $callback == FALSE)
+		if (is_null($postdata) AND $callback === FALSE)
 		{
 			if (in_array('isset', $rules, TRUE) OR in_array('required', $rules))
 			{
@@ -605,7 +583,7 @@
 				$result = $this->CI->$rule($postdata, $param);
 
 				// Re-assign the result to the master data array
-				if ($_in_array == TRUE)
+				if ($_in_array === TRUE)
 				{
 					$this->_field_data[$row['field']]['postdata'][$cycles] = (is_bool($result)) ? $postdata : $result;
 				}
@@ -630,7 +608,7 @@
 					{
 						$result = $rule($postdata);
 
-						if ($_in_array == TRUE)
+						if ($_in_array === TRUE)
 						{
 							$this->_field_data[$row['field']]['postdata'][$cycles] = (is_bool($result)) ? $postdata : $result;
 						}
@@ -649,7 +627,7 @@
 
 				$result = $this->$rule($postdata, $param);
 
-				if ($_in_array == TRUE)
+				if ($_in_array === TRUE)
 				{
 					$this->_field_data[$row['field']]['postdata'][$cycles] = (is_bool($result)) ? $postdata : $result;
 				}
@@ -676,7 +654,7 @@
 
 				// Is the parameter we are inserting into the error message the name
 				// of another field?  If so we need to grab its "field label"
-				if (isset($this->_field_data[$param]) AND isset($this->_field_data[$param]['label']))
+				if (isset($this->_field_data[$param], $this->_field_data[$param]['label']))
 				{
 					$param = $this->_translate_fieldname($this->_field_data[$param]['label']);
 				}
@@ -702,7 +680,7 @@
 	/**
 	 * Translate a field name
 	 *
-	 * @access	private
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @param	string	the field name
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
@@ -710,7 +688,7 @@
 	{
 		// Do we need to translate the field name?
 		// We look for the prefix lang: to determine this
-		if (substr($fieldname, 0, 5) == 'lang:')
+		if (substr($fieldname, 0, 5) === 'lang:')
 		{
 			// Grab the variable
 			$line = substr($fieldname, 5);
@@ -858,33 +836,8 @@
 	 */
 	public function set_checkbox($field = '', $value = '', $default = FALSE)
 	{
-		if ( ! isset($this->_field_data[$field]) OR ! isset($this->_field_data[$field]['postdata']))
-		{
-			if ($default === TRUE AND count($this->_field_data) === 0)
-			{
-				return ' checked="checked"';
-			}
-			return '';
-		}
-
-		$field = $this->_field_data[$field]['postdata'];
-
-		if (is_array($field))
-		{
-			if ( ! in_array($value, $field))
-			{
-				return '';
-			}
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			if (($field == '' OR $value == '') OR ($field != $value))
-			{
-				return '';
-			}
-		}
-
-		return ' checked="checked"';
+		// Logic is exactly the same as for radio fields
+		return $this->set_radio($field, $value, $default);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -898,14 +851,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function required($str)
 	{
-		if ( ! is_array($str))
-		{
-			return (trim($str) == '') ? FALSE : TRUE;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return ( ! empty($str));
-		}
+		return ( ! is_array($str)) ? (trim($str) !== '') : ( ! empty($str));
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -920,12 +866,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function regex_match($str, $regex)
 	{
-		if ( ! preg_match($regex, $str))
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
-
-		return  TRUE;
+		return (bool) preg_match($regex, $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -947,7 +888,7 @@
 
 		$field = $_POST[$field];
 
-		return ($str !== $field) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return ($str === $field);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -990,10 +931,10 @@
 
 		if (function_exists('mb_strlen'))
 		{
-			return (mb_strlen($str) < $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+			return ! (mb_strlen($str) < $val);
 		}
 
-		return (strlen($str) < $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return ! (strlen($str) < $val);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1015,10 +956,10 @@
 
 		if (function_exists('mb_strlen'))
 		{
-			return (mb_strlen($str) > $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+			return ! (mb_strlen($str) > $val);
 		}
 
-		return (strlen($str) > $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return ! (strlen($str) > $val);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1040,10 +981,10 @@
 
 		if (function_exists('mb_strlen'))
 		{
-			return (mb_strlen($str) != $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+			return (mb_strlen($str) == $val);
 		}
 
-		return (strlen($str) != $val) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return (strlen($str) == $val);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1057,7 +998,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function valid_email($str)
 	{
-		return ( ! preg_match("/^([a-z0-9\+_\-]+)(\.[a-z0-9\+_\-]+)*@([a-z0-9\-]+\.)+[a-z]{2,6}$/ix", $str)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^([a-z0-9\+_\-]+)(\.[a-z0-9\+_\-]+)*@([a-z0-9\-]+\.)+[a-z]{2,6}$/ix', $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1078,7 +1019,7 @@
 
 		foreach (explode(',', $str) as $email)
 		{
-			if (trim($email) != '' && $this->valid_email(trim($email)) === FALSE)
+			if (trim($email) !== '' && $this->valid_email(trim($email)) === FALSE)
 			{
 				return FALSE;
 			}
@@ -1112,7 +1053,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function alpha($str)
 	{
-		return ( ! preg_match("/^([a-z])+$/i", $str)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^[a-z]+$/i', $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1126,7 +1067,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function alpha_numeric($str)
 	{
-		return ( ! preg_match("/^([a-z0-9])+$/i", $str)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^[a-z0-9]+$/i', $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1140,7 +1081,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function alpha_dash($str)
 	{
-		return ( ! preg_match("/^([-a-z0-9_-])+$/i", $str)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^[a-z0-9_-]+$/i', $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1154,7 +1095,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function numeric($str)
 	{
-		return (bool)preg_match( '/^[\-+]?[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+$/', $str);
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^[\-+]?[0-9]*\.?[0-9]+$/', $str);
 
 	}
 
@@ -1169,7 +1110,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function is_numeric($str)
 	{
-		return ( ! is_numeric($str)) ? FALSE : TRUE;
+		return is_numeric($str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1247,7 +1188,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function is_natural($str)
 	{
-		return (bool) preg_match( '/^[0-9]+$/', $str);
+		return (bool) preg_match('/^[0-9]+$/', $str);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1261,17 +1202,7 @@
 	 */
 	public function is_natural_no_zero($str)
 	{
-		if ( ! preg_match( '/^[0-9]+$/', $str))
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
-
-		if ($str == 0)
-		{
-			return FALSE;
-		}
-
-		return TRUE;
+		return ($str != 0 AND preg_match('/^[0-9]+$/', $str));
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1339,7 +1270,7 @@
 			return '';
 		}
 
-		if (substr($str, 0, 7) != 'http://' && substr($str, 0, 8) != 'https://')
+		if (substr($str, 0, 7) !== 'http://' && substr($str, 0, 8) !== 'https://')
 		{
 			$str = 'http://'.$str;
 		}
diff --git a/system/libraries/Pagination.php b/system/libraries/Pagination.php
index eea953a..008c151 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Pagination.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Pagination.php
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 		$num_pages = ceil($this->total_rows / $this->per_page);
 
 		// Is there only one page? Hm... nothing more to do here then.
-		if ($num_pages == 1)
+		if ($num_pages === 1)
 		{
 			return '';
 		}
@@ -146,25 +146,16 @@
 		{
 			if ($CI->input->get($this->query_string_segment) != $base_page)
 			{
-				$this->cur_page = $CI->input->get($this->query_string_segment);
-
-				// Prep the current page - no funny business!
-				$this->cur_page = (int) $this->cur_page;
+				$this->cur_page = (int) $CI->input->get($this->query_string_segment);
 			}
 		}
-		else
+		elseif ($CI->uri->segment($this->uri_segment) != $base_page)
 		{
-			if ($CI->uri->segment($this->uri_segment) != $base_page)
-			{
-				$this->cur_page = $CI->uri->segment($this->uri_segment);
-
-				// Prep the current page - no funny business!
-				$this->cur_page = (int) $this->cur_page;
-			}
+			$this->cur_page = (int) $CI->uri->segment($this->uri_segment);
 		}
 
-		// Set current page to 1 if using page numbers instead of offset
-		if ($this->use_page_numbers AND $this->cur_page == 0)
+		// Set current page to 1 if it's not valid or if using page numbers instead of offset
+		if ( ! is_numeric($this->cur_page) OR ($this->use_page_numbers AND $this->cur_page == 0))
 		{
 			$this->cur_page = $base_page;
 		}
@@ -176,11 +167,6 @@
 			show_error('Your number of links must be a positive number.');
 		}
 
-		if ( ! is_numeric($this->cur_page))
-		{
-			$this->cur_page = $base_page;
-		}
-
 		// Is the page number beyond the result range?
 		// If so we show the last page
 		if ($this->use_page_numbers)
@@ -310,4 +296,4 @@
 // END Pagination Class
 
 /* End of file Pagination.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Pagination.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/libraries/Pagination.php */
diff --git a/system/libraries/Profiler.php b/system/libraries/Profiler.php
index 8a2568d..9cbd69b 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Profiler.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Profiler.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -126,12 +126,10 @@
 		{
 			// We match the "end" marker so that the list ends
 			// up in the order that it was defined
-			if (preg_match("/(.+?)_end/i", $key, $match))
+			if (preg_match('/(.+?)_end/i', $key, $match)
+				AND isset($this->CI->benchmark->marker[$match[1].'_end'], $this->CI->benchmark->marker[$match[1].'_start']))
 			{
-				if (isset($this->CI->benchmark->marker[$match[1].'_end']) AND isset($this->CI->benchmark->marker[$match[1].'_start']))
-				{
-					$profile[$match[1]] = $this->CI->benchmark->elapsed_time($match[1].'_start', $key);
-				}
+				$profile[$match[1]] = $this->CI->benchmark->elapsed_time($match[1].'_start', $key);
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -139,12 +137,11 @@
 		// Note: At some point we should turn this into a template that can
 		// be modified.  We also might want to make this data available to be logged
 
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_benchmarks" style="border:1px solid #900;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#900;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_benchmarks').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= "\n\n<table style='width:100%'>\n";
+		$output = "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_benchmarks" style="border:1px solid #900;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#900;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_benchmarks').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n\n\n<table style='width:100%'>\n";
 
 		foreach ($profile as $key => $val)
 		{
@@ -152,10 +149,7 @@
 			$output .= "<tr><td style='padding:5px;width:50%;color:#000;font-weight:bold;background-color:#ddd;'>".$key."&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td style='padding:5px;width:50%;color:#900;font-weight:normal;background-color:#ddd;'>".$val."</td></tr>\n";
 		}
 
-		$output .= "</table>\n";
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return $output."</table>\n</fieldset>";
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -178,19 +172,16 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-		if (count($dbs) == 0)
+		if (count($dbs) === 0)
 		{
-			$output  = "\n\n";
-			$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_queries" style="border:1px solid #0000FF;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-			$output .= "\n";
-			$output .= '<legend style="color:#0000FF;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_queries').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-			$output .= "\n";
-			$output .= "\n\n<table style='border:none; width:100%;'>\n";
-			$output .="<tr><td style='width:100%;color:#0000FF;font-weight:normal;background-color:#eee;padding:5px'>".$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_db')."</td></tr>\n";
-			$output .= "</table>\n";
-			$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-			return $output;
+			return "\n\n"
+				. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_queries" style="border:1px solid #0000FF;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee;">'
+				. "\n"
+				. '<legend style="color:#0000FF;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_queries').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+				. "\n\n\n<table style='border:none; width:100%;'>\n"
+				. '<tr><td style="width:100%;color:#0000FF;font-weight:normal;background-color:#eee;padding:5px;">'
+				. $this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_db')
+				. "</td></tr>\n</table>\n</fieldset>";
 		}
 
 		// Load the text helper so we can highlight the SQL
@@ -205,8 +196,6 @@
 
 		foreach ($dbs as $db)
 		{
-			$count++;
-
 			$hide_queries = (count($db->queries) > $this->_query_toggle_count) ? ' display:none' : '';
 
 			$show_hide_js = '(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_queries_db_'.$count.'\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'</span>)';
@@ -216,13 +205,12 @@
 				$show_hide_js = '(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_queries_db_'.$count.'\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)';
 			}
 
-			$output .= '<fieldset style="border:1px solid #0000FF;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-			$output .= "\n";
-			$output .= '<legend style="color:#0000FF;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_database').':&nbsp; '.$db->database.'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_queries').': '.count($db->queries).'&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$show_hide_js.'</legend>';
-			$output .= "\n";
-			$output .= "\n\n<table style='width:100%;{$hide_queries}' id='ci_profiler_queries_db_{$count}'>\n";
+			$output .= '<fieldset style="border:1px solid #0000FF;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+				. "\n"
+				. '<legend style="color:#0000FF;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_database').':&nbsp; '.$db->database.'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_queries').': '.count($db->queries).'&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$show_hide_js.'</legend>'
+				. "\n\n\n<table style='width:100%;{$hide_queries}' id='ci_profiler_queries_db_{$count}'>\n";
 
-			if (count($db->queries) == 0)
+			if (count($db->queries) === 0)
 			{
 				$output .= "<tr><td style='width:100%;color:#0000FF;font-weight:normal;background-color:#eee;padding:5px;'>".$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_queries')."</td></tr>\n";
 			}
@@ -243,8 +231,7 @@
 				}
 			}
 
-			$output .= "</table>\n";
-			$output .= "</fieldset>";
+			$output .= "</table>\n</fieldset>";
 
 		}
 
@@ -261,13 +248,13 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_get()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_get" style="border:1px solid #cd6e00;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#cd6e00;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_get_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
+		$output  = "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_get" style="border:1px solid #cd6e00;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#cd6e00;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_get_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n";
 
-		if (count($_GET) == 0)
+		if (count($_GET) === 0)
 		{
 			$output .= "<div style='color:#cd6e00;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_get')."</div>";
 		}
@@ -282,23 +269,15 @@
 					$key = "'".$key."'";
 				}
 
-				$output .= "<tr><td style='width:50%;color:#000;background-color:#ddd;padding:5px'>&#36;_GET[".$key."]&nbsp;&nbsp; </td><td style='width:50%;padding:5px;color:#cd6e00;font-weight:normal;background-color:#ddd;'>";
-				if (is_array($val))
-				{
-					$output .= "<pre>" . htmlspecialchars(stripslashes(print_r($val, true))) . "</pre>";
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$output .= htmlspecialchars(stripslashes($val));
-				}
-				$output .= "</td></tr>\n";
+				$output .= "<tr><td style='width:50%;color:#000;background-color:#ddd;padding:5px'>&#36;_GET[".$key."]&nbsp;&nbsp; </td><td style='width:50%;padding:5px;color:#cd6e00;font-weight:normal;background-color:#ddd;'>"
+					. (is_array($val) ? "<pre>" . htmlspecialchars(stripslashes(print_r($val, true))) . "</pre>" : htmlspecialchars(stripslashes($val)))
+					. "</td></tr>\n";
 			}
 
 			$output .= "</table>\n";
 		}
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
 
-		return $output;
+		return $output.'</fieldset>';
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -310,11 +289,11 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_post()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_post" style="border:1px solid #009900;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#009900;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_post_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
+		$output = "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_post" style="border:1px solid #009900;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#009900;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_post_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n";
 
 		if (count($_POST) == 0)
 		{
@@ -345,9 +324,8 @@
 
 			$output .= "</table>\n";
 		}
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
 
-		return $output;
+		return $output.'</fieldset>';
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -359,24 +337,13 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_uri_string()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_uri_string" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_uri_string').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-
-		if ($this->CI->uri->uri_string == '')
-		{
-			$output .= "<div style='color:#000;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_uri')."</div>";
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$output .= "<div style='color:#000;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->uri->uri_string."</div>";
-		}
-
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_uri_string" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_uri_string').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n<div style='color:#000;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>"
+			. ($this->CI->uri->uri_string == '' ? $this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_uri') : $this->CI->uri->uri_string)
+			. '</div></fieldset>';
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -388,17 +355,12 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_controller_info()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_controller_info" style="border:1px solid #995300;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#995300;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_controller_info').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-
-		$output .= "<div style='color:#995300;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->router->fetch_class()."/".$this->CI->router->fetch_method()."</div>";
-
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_controller_info" style="border:1px solid #995300;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#995300;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_controller_info').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n<div style='color:#995300;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->router->fetch_class().'/'.$this->CI->router->fetch_method()
+			. '</div></fieldset>';
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -412,24 +374,13 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_memory_usage()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_memory_usage" style="border:1px solid #5a0099;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#5a0099;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_memory_usage').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-
-		if (function_exists('memory_get_usage') && ($usage = memory_get_usage()) != '')
-		{
-			$output .= "<div style='color:#5a0099;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".number_format($usage).' bytes</div>';
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$output .= "<div style='color:#5a0099;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>".$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_memory')."</div>";
-		}
-
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_memory_usage" style="border:1px solid #5a0099;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#5a0099;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_memory_usage').'&nbsp;&nbsp;</legend>'
+			. "\n<div style='color:#5a0099;font-weight:normal;padding:4px 0 4px 0'>"
+			. ((function_exists('memory_get_usage') && ($usage = memory_get_usage()) != '') ? number_format($usage).' bytes' : $this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_memory'))
+			. '</div></fieldset>';
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -443,13 +394,11 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_http_headers()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_http_headers" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_headers').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_httpheaders_table\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-
-		$output .= "\n\n<table style='width:100%;display:none' id='ci_profiler_httpheaders_table'>\n";
+		$output = "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_http_headers" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_headers').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_httpheaders_table\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>'
+			. "\n\n\n<table style='width:100%;display:none' id='ci_profiler_httpheaders_table'>\n";
 
 		foreach (array('HTTP_ACCEPT', 'HTTP_USER_AGENT', 'HTTP_CONNECTION', 'SERVER_PORT', 'SERVER_NAME', 'REMOTE_ADDR', 'SERVER_SOFTWARE', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE', 'SCRIPT_NAME', 'REQUEST_METHOD',' HTTP_HOST', 'REMOTE_HOST', 'CONTENT_TYPE', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL', 'QUERY_STRING', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR') as $header)
 		{
@@ -457,10 +406,7 @@
 			$output .= "<tr><td style='vertical-align: top;width:50%;padding:5px;color:#900;background-color:#ddd;'>".$header."&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td style='width:50%;padding:5px;color:#000;background-color:#ddd;'>".$val."</td></tr>\n";
 		}
 
-		$output .= "</table>\n";
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return $output."</table>\n</fieldset>";
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -474,13 +420,11 @@
 	 */
 	protected function _compile_config()
 	{
-		$output  = "\n\n";
-		$output .= '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_config" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= "\n";
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_config').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_config_table\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>';
-		$output .= "\n";
-
-		$output .= "\n\n<table style='width:100%; display:none' id='ci_profiler_config_table'>\n";
+		$output = "\n\n"
+			. '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_config" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. "\n"
+			. '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_config').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_config_table\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>'
+			. "\n\n\n<table style='width:100%; display:none' id='ci_profiler_config_table'>\n";
 
 		foreach ($this->CI->config->config as $config=>$val)
 		{
@@ -492,10 +436,7 @@
 			$output .= "<tr><td style='padding:5px; vertical-align: top;color:#900;background-color:#ddd;'>".$config."&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td style='padding:5px; color:#000;background-color:#ddd;'>".htmlspecialchars($val)."</td></tr>\n";
 		}
 
-		$output .= "</table>\n";
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-
-		return $output;
+		return $output."</table>\n</fieldset>";
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -512,9 +453,9 @@
 			return;
 		}
 
-		$output = '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_csession" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">';
-		$output .= '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_session_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_session_data\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>';
-		$output .= "<table style='width:100%;display:none' id='ci_profiler_session_data'>";
+		$output = '<fieldset id="ci_profiler_csession" style="border:1px solid #000;padding:6px 10px 10px 10px;margin:20px 0 20px 0;background-color:#eee">'
+			. '<legend style="color:#000;">&nbsp;&nbsp;'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_session_data').'&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById(\'ci_profiler_session_data\').style;s.display=s.display==\'none\'?\'\':\'none\';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML==\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\'?\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_hide').'\':\''.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'\';">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_section_show').'</span>)</legend>'
+			. "<table style='width:100%;display:none' id='ci_profiler_session_data'>";
 
 		foreach ($this->CI->session->all_userdata() as $key => $val)
 		{
@@ -526,9 +467,7 @@
 			$output .= "<tr><td style='padding:5px; vertical-align: top;color:#900;background-color:#ddd;'>".$key."&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td style='padding:5px; color:#000;background-color:#ddd;'>".htmlspecialchars($val)."</td></tr>\n";
 		}
 
-		$output .= '</table>';
-		$output .= "</fieldset>";
-		return $output;
+		return $output."</table>\n</fieldset>";
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -553,14 +492,12 @@
 			}
 		}
 
-		if ($fields_displayed == 0)
+		if ($fields_displayed === 0)
 		{
 			$output .= '<p style="border:1px solid #5a0099;padding:10px;margin:20px 0;background-color:#eee">'.$this->CI->lang->line('profiler_no_profiles').'</p>';
 		}
 
-		$output .= '</div>';
-
-		return $output;
+		return $output.'</div>';
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/system/libraries/Sha1.php b/system/libraries/Sha1.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 477b92b..0000000
--- a/system/libraries/Sha1.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,263 +0,0 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
-/**
- * CodeIgniter
- *
- * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
- *
- * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
- * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
- * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
- * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
- * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
- * http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0
- * If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to obtain it
- * through the world wide web, please send an email to
- * licensing@ellislab.com so we can send you a copy immediately.
- *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
- * @copyright	Copyright (c) 2008 - 2011, EllisLab, Inc. (http://ellislab.com/)
- * @license		http://opensource.org/licenses/OSL-3.0 Open Software License (OSL 3.0)
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com
- * @since		Version 1.0
- * @filesource
- */
-
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-/**
- * SHA1 Encoding Class
- *
- * Purpose: Provides 160 bit hashing using The Secure Hash Algorithm
- * developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The 40
- * character SHA1 message hash is computationally infeasible to crack.
- *
- * This class is a fallback for servers that are not running PHP greater than
- * 4.3, or do not have the MHASH library.
- *
- * This class is based on two scripts:
- *
- * Marcus Campbell's PHP implementation (GNU license)
- * http://www.tecknik.net/sha-1/
- *
- * ...which is based on Paul Johnston's JavaScript version
- * (BSD license). http://pajhome.org.uk/
- *
- * I encapsulated the functions and wrote one additional method to fix
- * a hex conversion bug. - Rick Ellis
- *
- * @package		CodeIgniter
- * @subpackage	Libraries
- * @category	Encryption
- * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
- * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/encryption.html
- */
-class CI_SHA1 {
-
-	public function __construct()
-	{
-		log_message('debug', "SHA1 Class Initialized");
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Generate the Hash
-	 *
-	 * @access	public
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function generate($str)
-	{
-		$n = ((strlen($str) + 8) >> 6) + 1;
-
-		for ($i = 0; $i < $n * 16; $i++)
-		{
-			$x[$i] = 0;
-		}
-
-		for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
-		{
-			$x[$i >> 2] |= ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) << (24 - ($i % 4) * 8);
-		}
-
-		$x[$i >> 2] |= 0x80 << (24 - ($i % 4) * 8);
-
-		$x[$n * 16 - 1] = strlen($str) * 8;
-
-		$a =  1732584193;
-		$b = -271733879;
-		$c = -1732584194;
-		$d =  271733878;
-		$e = -1009589776;
-
-		for ($i = 0; $i < count($x); $i += 16)
-		{
-			$olda = $a;
-			$oldb = $b;
-			$oldc = $c;
-			$oldd = $d;
-			$olde = $e;
-
-			for ($j = 0; $j < 80; $j++)
-			{
-				if ($j < 16)
-				{
-					$w[$j] = $x[$i + $j];
-				}
-				else
-				{
-					$w[$j] = $this->_rol($w[$j - 3] ^ $w[$j - 8] ^ $w[$j - 14] ^ $w[$j - 16], 1);
-				}
-
-				$t = $this->_safe_add($this->_safe_add($this->_rol($a, 5), $this->_ft($j, $b, $c, $d)), $this->_safe_add($this->_safe_add($e, $w[$j]), $this->_kt($j)));
-
-				$e = $d;
-				$d = $c;
-				$c = $this->_rol($b, 30);
-				$b = $a;
-				$a = $t;
-			}
-
-			$a = $this->_safe_add($a, $olda);
-			$b = $this->_safe_add($b, $oldb);
-			$c = $this->_safe_add($c, $oldc);
-			$d = $this->_safe_add($d, $oldd);
-			$e = $this->_safe_add($e, $olde);
-		}
-
-		return $this->_hex($a).$this->_hex($b).$this->_hex($c).$this->_hex($d).$this->_hex($e);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Convert a decimal to hex
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @param	string
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _hex($str)
-	{
-		$str = dechex($str);
-
-		if (strlen($str) == 7)
-		{
-			$str = '0'.$str;
-		}
-
-		return $str;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 *  Return result based on iteration
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _ft($t, $b, $c, $d)
-	{
-		if ($t < 20)
-			return ($b & $c) | ((~$b) & $d);
-		if ($t < 40)
-			return $b ^ $c ^ $d;
-		if ($t < 60)
-			return ($b & $c) | ($b & $d) | ($c & $d);
-
-		return $b ^ $c ^ $d;
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Determine the additive constant
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _kt($t)
-	{
-		if ($t < 20)
-		{
-			return 1518500249;
-		}
-		else if ($t < 40)
-		{
-			return 1859775393;
-		}
-		else if ($t < 60)
-		{
-			return -1894007588;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			return -899497514;
-		}
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _safe_add($x, $y)
-	{
-		$lsw = ($x & 0xFFFF) + ($y & 0xFFFF);
-		$msw = ($x >> 16) + ($y >> 16) + ($lsw >> 16);
-
-		return ($msw << 16) | ($lsw & 0xFFFF);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	integer
-	 */
-	function _rol($num, $cnt)
-	{
-		return ($num << $cnt) | $this->_zero_fill($num, 32 - $cnt);
-	}
-
-	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-	/**
-	 * Pad string with zero
-	 *
-	 * @access	private
-	 * @return	string
-	 */
-	function _zero_fill($a, $b)
-	{
-		$bin = decbin($a);
-
-		if (strlen($bin) < $b)
-		{
-			$bin = 0;
-		}
-		else
-		{
-			$bin = substr($bin, 0, strlen($bin) - $b);
-		}
-
-		for ($i=0; $i < $b; $i++)
-		{
-			$bin = "0".$bin;
-		}
-
-		return bindec($bin);
-	}
-}
-// END CI_SHA
-
-/* End of file Sha1.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Sha1.php */
diff --git a/system/libraries/Typography.php b/system/libraries/Typography.php
index af6ca2b..651ba7b 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Typography.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Typography.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  * Typography Class
  *
  *
- * @access		private
+ * @access		protected
  * @category	Helpers
  * @author		EllisLab Dev Team
  * @link		http://codeigniter.com/user_guide/libraries/typography.html
@@ -39,22 +39,22 @@
 class CI_Typography {
 
 	// Block level elements that should not be wrapped inside <p> tags
-	var $block_elements = 'address|blockquote|div|dl|fieldset|form|h\d|hr|noscript|object|ol|p|pre|script|table|ul';
+	public $block_elements = 'address|blockquote|div|dl|fieldset|form|h\d|hr|noscript|object|ol|p|pre|script|table|ul';
 
 	// Elements that should not have <p> and <br /> tags within them.
-	var $skip_elements	= 'p|pre|ol|ul|dl|object|table|h\d';
+	public $skip_elements	= 'p|pre|ol|ul|dl|object|table|h\d';
 
 	// Tags we want the parser to completely ignore when splitting the string.
-	var $inline_elements = 'a|abbr|acronym|b|bdo|big|br|button|cite|code|del|dfn|em|i|img|ins|input|label|map|kbd|q|samp|select|small|span|strong|sub|sup|textarea|tt|var';
+	public $inline_elements = 'a|abbr|acronym|b|bdo|big|br|button|cite|code|del|dfn|em|i|img|ins|input|label|map|kbd|q|samp|select|small|span|strong|sub|sup|textarea|tt|var';
 
 	// array of block level elements that require inner content to be within another block level element
-	var $inner_block_required = array('blockquote');
+	public $inner_block_required = array('blockquote');
 
 	// the last block element parsed
-	var $last_block_element = '';
+	public $last_block_element = '';
 
 	// whether or not to protect quotes within { curly braces }
-	var $protect_braced_quotes = FALSE;
+	public $protect_braced_quotes = FALSE;
 
 	/**
 	 * Auto Typography
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 	 * @param	bool	whether to reduce more then two consecutive newlines to two
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function auto_typography($str, $reduce_linebreaks = FALSE)
+	public function auto_typography($str, $reduce_linebreaks = FALSE)
 	{
 		if ($str == '')
 		{
@@ -127,35 +127,32 @@
 		// adversely affected if they are split out so we'll convert the opening bracket < temporarily to: {@TAG}
 		$str = preg_replace("#<(/*)(".$this->inline_elements.")([ >])#i", "{@TAG}\\1\\2\\3", $str);
 
-		// Split the string at every tag.  This expression creates an array with this prototype:
-		//
-		//	[array]
-		//	{
-		//		[0] = <opening tag>
-		//		[1] = Content...
-		//		[2] = <closing tag>
-		//		Etc...
-		//	}
+		/* Split the string at every tag. This expression creates an array with this prototype:
+		 *
+		 *	[array]
+		 *	{
+		 *		[0] = <opening tag>
+		 *		[1] = Content...
+		 *		[2] = <closing tag>
+		 *		Etc...
+		 *	}
+		 */
 		$chunks = preg_split('/(<(?:[^<>]+(?:"[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\')?)+>)/', $str, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE|PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
 
 		// Build our finalized string.  We cycle through the array, skipping tags, and processing the contained text
 		$str = '';
 		$process = TRUE;
 		$paragraph = FALSE;
-		$current_chunk = 0;
-		$total_chunks = count($chunks);
 
-		foreach ($chunks as $chunk)
+		for ($i = 1, $c = count($chunks); $i <= $c; $i++)
 		{
-			$current_chunk++;
-
 			// Are we dealing with a tag? If so, we'll skip the processing for this cycle.
 			// Well also set the "process" flag which allows us to skip <pre> tags and a few other things.
-			if (preg_match("#<(/*)(".$this->block_elements.").*?>#", $chunk, $match))
+			if (preg_match("#<(/*)(".$this->block_elements.").*?>#", $chunks[$i], $match))
 			{
 				if (preg_match("#".$this->skip_elements."#", $match[2]))
 				{
-					$process =  ($match[1] == '/') ? TRUE : FALSE;
+					$process = ($match[1] === '/');
 				}
 
 				if ($match[1] == '')
@@ -163,24 +160,24 @@
 					$this->last_block_element = $match[2];
 				}
 
-				$str .= $chunk;
+				$str .= $chunks[$i];
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			if ($process == FALSE)
+			if ($process === FALSE)
 			{
-				$str .= $chunk;
+				$str .= $chunks[$i];
 				continue;
 			}
 
 			//  Force a newline to make sure end tags get processed by _format_newlines()
-			if ($current_chunk == $total_chunks)
+			if ($i === $c)
 			{
-				$chunk .= "\n";
+				$chunks[$i] .= "\n";
 			}
 
 			//  Convert Newlines into <p> and <br /> tags
-			$str .= $this->_format_newlines($chunk);
+			$str .= $this->_format_newlines($chunks[$i]);
 		}
 
 		// No opening block level tag?  Add it if needed.
@@ -265,7 +262,7 @@
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function format_characters($str)
+	public function format_characters($str)
 	{
 		static $table;
 
@@ -325,18 +322,13 @@
 	 *
 	 * Converts newline characters into either <p> tags or <br />
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _format_newlines($str)
+	protected function _format_newlines($str)
 	{
-		if ($str == '')
-		{
-			return $str;
-		}
-
-		if (strpos($str, "\n") === FALSE  && ! in_array($this->last_block_element, $this->inner_block_required))
+		if ($str == '' OR (strpos($str, "\n") === FALSE AND ! in_array($this->last_block_element, $this->inner_block_required)))
 		{
 			return $str;
 		}
@@ -373,11 +365,11 @@
 	 * and we don't want double dashes converted to emdash entities, so they are marked with {@DD}
 	 * likewise double spaces are converted to {@NBS} to prevent entity conversion
 	 *
-	 * @access	public
+	 * @access	protected
 	 * @param	array
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function _protect_characters($match)
+	protected function _protect_characters($match)
 	{
 		return str_replace(array("'",'"','--','  '), array('{@SQ}', '{@DQ}', '{@DD}', '{@NBS}'), $match[0]);
 	}
@@ -391,25 +383,16 @@
 	 * @param	string
 	 * @return	string
 	 */
-	function nl2br_except_pre($str)
+	public function nl2br_except_pre($str)
 	{
-		$ex = explode("pre>",$str);
-		$ct = count($ex);
-
-		$newstr = "";
-		for ($i = 0; $i < $ct; $i++)
+		$newstr = '';
+		for ($ex = explode('pre>', $str), $ct = count($ex), $i = 0; $i < $ct; $i++)
 		{
-			if (($i % 2) == 0)
+			$newstr .= (($i % 2) === 0) ? nl2br($ex[$i]) : $ex[$i];
+			if ($ct - 1 !== $i)
 			{
-				$newstr .= nl2br($ex[$i]);
+				$newstr .= 'pre>';
 			}
-			else
-			{
-				$newstr .= $ex[$i];
-			}
-
-			if ($ct - 1 != $i)
-				$newstr .= "pre>";
 		}
 
 		return $newstr;
diff --git a/system/libraries/Upload.php b/system/libraries/Upload.php
index 826bcce..5108afa 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Upload.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Upload.php
@@ -952,17 +952,12 @@
 	{
 		global $mimes;
 
-		if (count($this->mimes) == 0)
+		if (count($this->mimes) === 0)
 		{
-			if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/mimes.php');
-			}
-			elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/mimes.php'))
-			{
-				include(APPPATH.'config//mimes.php');
-			}
-			else
+			load_environ_config('mimes');
+
+			// Return FALSE if we still have no mimes after trying to load them up.
+			if (count($this->mimes) === 0)
 			{
 				return FALSE;
 			}
diff --git a/system/libraries/User_agent.php b/system/libraries/User_agent.php
index a007ace..4a29d7d 100644
--- a/system/libraries/User_agent.php
+++ b/system/libraries/User_agent.php
@@ -96,15 +96,10 @@
 	 */
 	private function _load_agent_file()
 	{
-		if (defined('ENVIRONMENT') AND is_file(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/user_agents.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/'.ENVIRONMENT.'/user_agents.php');
-		}
-		elseif (is_file(APPPATH.'config/user_agents.php'))
-		{
-			include(APPPATH.'config/user_agents.php');
-		}
-		else
+		load_environ_config('user_agents');
+
+		// Return FALSE if we still have no mimes after trying to load them up.
+		if (count($this->mimes) === 0)
 		{
 			return FALSE;
 		}
diff --git a/system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php b/system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php
index 587b750..893e518 100644
--- a/system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php
+++ b/system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
-<?php  if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
+<?php if ( ! defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');
 /**
  * CodeIgniter
  *
  * An open source application development framework for PHP 5.1.6 or newer
  *
  * NOTICE OF LICENSE
- * 
+ *
  * Licensed under the Open Software License version 3.0
- * 
+ *
  * This source file is subject to the Open Software License (OSL 3.0) that is
  * bundled with this package in the files license.txt / license.rst.  It is
  * also available through the world wide web at this URL:
@@ -48,12 +48,11 @@
  */
 class CI_Xmlrpcs extends CI_Xmlrpc
 {
-	var $methods		= array();	//array of methods mapped to function names and signatures
-	var $debug_msg		= '';		// Debug Message
-	var $system_methods = array();	// XML RPC Server methods
-	var $controller_obj;
-
-	var $object			= FALSE;
+	public $methods		= array();	//array of methods mapped to function names and signatures
+	public $debug_msg	= '';		// Debug Message
+	public $system_methods	= array();	// XML RPC Server methods
+	public $controller_obj;
+	public $object		= FALSE;
 
 	/**
 	 * Constructor
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function initialize($config=array())
+	public function initialize($config = array())
 	{
 		if (isset($config['functions']) && is_array($config['functions']))
 		{
@@ -111,26 +110,26 @@
 	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function set_system_methods()
+	public function set_system_methods()
 	{
 		$this->methods = array(
 					'system.listMethods'	 => array(
-													'function' => 'this.listMethods',
-													'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcString), array($this->xmlrpcArray)),
-													'docstring' => 'Returns an array of available methods on this server'),
-					'system.methodHelp'		 => array(
-													'function' => 'this.methodHelp',
-													'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcString, $this->xmlrpcString)),
-													'docstring' => 'Returns a documentation string for the specified method'),
+										'function' => 'this.listMethods',
+										'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcString), array($this->xmlrpcArray)),
+										'docstring' => 'Returns an array of available methods on this server'),
+					'system.methodHelp'	 => array(
+										'function' => 'this.methodHelp',
+										'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcString, $this->xmlrpcString)),
+										'docstring' => 'Returns a documentation string for the specified method'),
 					'system.methodSignature' => array(
-													'function' => 'this.methodSignature',
-													'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcString)),
-													'docstring' => 'Returns an array describing the return type and required parameters of a method'),
-					'system.multicall'		 => array(
-												'function' => 'this.multicall',
-												'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcArray)),
-												'docstring' => 'Combine multiple RPC calls in one request. See http://www.xmlrpc.com/discuss/msgReader$1208 for details')
-					);
+										'function' => 'this.methodSignature',
+										'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcString)),
+										'docstring' => 'Returns an array describing the return type and required parameters of a method'),
+					'system.multicall'	 => array(
+										'function' => 'this.multicall',
+										'signature' => array(array($this->xmlrpcArray, $this->xmlrpcArray)),
+										'docstring' => 'Combine multiple RPC calls in one request. See http://www.xmlrpc.com/discuss/msgReader$1208 for details')
+				);
 	}
 
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -141,12 +140,10 @@
 	 * @access	public
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function serve()
+	public function serve()
 	{
 		$r = $this->parseRequest();
-		$payload  = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'.$this->xmlrpc_defencoding.'"?'.'>'."\n";
-		$payload .= $this->debug_msg;
-		$payload .= $r->prepare_response();
+		$payload = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="'.$this->xmlrpc_defencoding.'"?'.'>'."\n".$this->debug_msg.$r->prepare_response();
 
 		header("Content-Type: text/xml");
 		header("Content-Length: ".strlen($payload));
@@ -165,7 +162,7 @@
 	 * @param	string	docstring
 	 * @return	void
 	 */
-	function add_to_map($methodname, $function, $sig, $doc)
+	public function add_to_map($methodname, $function, $sig, $doc)
 	{
 		$this->methods[$methodname] = array(
 			'function'  => $function,
@@ -183,7 +180,7 @@
 	 * @param	string	data
 	 * @return	object	xmlrpc response
 	 */
-	function parseRequest($data='')
+	public function parseRequest($data = '')
 	{
 		global $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA;
 
@@ -203,13 +200,14 @@
 		$parser = xml_parser_create($this->xmlrpc_defencoding);
 		$parser_object = new XML_RPC_Message("filler");
 
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]					= array();
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['isf']			= 0;
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['isf_reason']	= '';
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['params']		= array();
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['stack']		= array();
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['valuestack']	= array();
-		$parser_object->xh[$parser]['method']		= '';
+		$parser_object->xh[$parser] = array(
+							'isf' =>	0,
+							'isf_reason' =>	'',
+							'params' =>	array(),
+							'stack' =>	array(),
+							'valuestack' =>	array(),
+							'method' =>	''
+						);
 
 		xml_set_object($parser, $parser_object);
 		xml_parser_set_option($parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, true);
@@ -243,7 +241,7 @@
 			$m = new XML_RPC_Message($parser_object->xh[$parser]['method']);
 			$plist='';
 
-			for ($i=0; $i < count($parser_object->xh[$parser]['params']); $i++)
+			for ($i = 0, $c = count($parser_object->xh[$parser]['params']); $i < $c; $i++)
 			{
 				if ($this->debug === TRUE)
 				{
@@ -255,9 +253,7 @@
 
 			if ($this->debug === TRUE)
 			{
-				echo "<pre>";
-				echo "---PLIST---\n" . $plist . "\n---PLIST END---\n\n";
-				echo "</pre>";
+				echo "<pre>---PLIST---\n".$plist."\n---PLIST END---\n\n</pre>";
 			}
 
 			$r = $this->_execute($m);
@@ -284,12 +280,12 @@
 	 * @param	object
 	 * @return	mixed
 	 */
-	function _execute($m)
+	protected function _execute($m)
 	{
 		$methName = $m->method_name;
 
 		// Check to see if it is a system call
-		$system_call = (strncmp($methName, 'system', 5) == 0) ? TRUE : FALSE;
+		$system_call = (strncmp($methName, 'system', 5) === 0);
 
 		if ($this->xss_clean == FALSE)
 		{
@@ -310,22 +306,20 @@
 		//-------------------------------------
 
 		$method_parts = explode(".", $this->methods[$methName]['function']);
-		$objectCall = (isset($method_parts['1']) && $method_parts['1'] != "") ? TRUE : FALSE;
+		$objectCall = (isset($method_parts[1]) && $method_parts[1] != '');
 
 		if ($system_call === TRUE)
 		{
-			if ( ! is_callable(array($this,$method_parts['1'])))
+			if ( ! is_callable(array($this,$method_parts[1])))
 			{
 				return new XML_RPC_Response(0, $this->xmlrpcerr['unknown_method'], $this->xmlrpcstr['unknown_method']);
 			}
 		}
 		else
 		{
-			if ($objectCall && ! is_callable(array($method_parts['0'],$method_parts['1'])))
-			{
-				return new XML_RPC_Response(0, $this->xmlrpcerr['unknown_method'], $this->xmlrpcstr['unknown_method']);
-			}
-			elseif ( ! $objectCall && ! is_callable($this->methods[$methName]['function']))
+			if (($objectCall AND ! is_callable(array($method_parts[0], $method_parts[1])))
+				OR ( ! $objectCall AND ! is_callable($this->methods[$methName]['function']))
+			)
 			{
 				return new XML_RPC_Response(0, $this->xmlrpcerr['unknown_method'], $this->xmlrpcstr['unknown_method']);
 			}
@@ -338,13 +332,13 @@
 		if (isset($this->methods[$methName]['signature']))
 		{
 			$sig = $this->methods[$methName]['signature'];
-			for ($i=0; $i<count($sig); $i++)
+			for ($i = 0, $c = count($sig); $i < $c; $i++)
 			{
 				$current_sig = $sig[$i];
 
-				if (count($current_sig) == count($m->params)+1)
+				if (count($current_sig) === count($m->params)+1)
 				{
-					for ($n=0; $n < count($m->params); $n++)
+					for ($n = 0, $mc = count($m->params); $n < $mc; $n++)
 					{
 						$p = $m->params[$n];
 						$pt = ($p->kindOf() == 'scalar') ? $p->scalarval() : $p->kindOf();
@@ -370,7 +364,7 @@
 
 		if ($objectCall === TRUE)
 		{
-			if ($method_parts[0] == "this" && $system_call == TRUE)
+			if ($method_parts[0] === 'this' && $system_call === TRUE)
 			{
 				return call_user_func(array($this, $method_parts[1]), $m);
 			}
@@ -379,11 +373,11 @@
 				if ($this->object === FALSE)
 				{
 					$CI =& get_instance();
-					return $CI->$method_parts['1']($m);
+					return $CI->$method_parts[1]($m);
 				}
 				else
 				{
-					return $this->object->$method_parts['1']($m);
+					return $this->object->$method_parts[1]($m);
 					//return call_user_func(array(&$method_parts['0'],$method_parts['1']), $m);
 				}
 			}
@@ -393,7 +387,7 @@
 			return call_user_func($this->methods[$methName]['function'], $m);
 		}
 	}
-	
+
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -403,7 +397,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function listMethods($m)
+	public function listMethods($m)
 	{
 		$v = new XML_RPC_Values();
 		$output = array();
@@ -421,7 +415,7 @@
 		$v->addArray($output);
 		return new XML_RPC_Response($v);
 	}
-	
+
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -431,7 +425,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function methodSignature($m)
+	public function methodSignature($m)
 	{
 		$parameters = $m->output_parameters();
 		$method_name = $parameters[0];
@@ -443,15 +437,15 @@
 				$sigs = array();
 				$signature = $this->methods[$method_name]['signature'];
 
-				for ($i=0; $i < count($signature); $i++)
+				for ($i = 0, $c = count($signature); $i < $c; $i++)
 				{
 					$cursig = array();
 					$inSig = $signature[$i];
-					for ($j=0; $j<count($inSig); $j++)
+					for ($j = 0, $jc = count($inSig); $j < $jc; $j++)
 					{
 						$cursig[]= new XML_RPC_Values($inSig[$j], 'string');
 					}
-					$sigs[]= new XML_RPC_Values($cursig, 'array');
+					$sigs[] = new XML_RPC_Values($cursig, 'array');
 				}
 				$r = new XML_RPC_Response(new XML_RPC_Values($sigs, 'array'));
 			}
@@ -476,7 +470,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function methodHelp($m)
+	public function methodHelp($m)
 	{
 		$parameters = $m->output_parameters();
 		$method_name = $parameters[0];
@@ -492,7 +486,7 @@
 			return new XML_RPC_Response(0, $this->xmlrpcerr['introspect_unknown'], $this->xmlrpcstr['introspect_unknown']);
 		}
 	}
-	
+
 	// --------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 	/**
@@ -502,7 +496,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function multicall($m)
+	public function multicall($m)
 	{
 		// Disabled
 		return new XML_RPC_Response(0, $this->xmlrpcerr['unknown_method'], $this->xmlrpcstr['unknown_method']);
@@ -519,7 +513,7 @@
 			$m = new XML_RPC_Message($value[0]);
 			$plist='';
 
-			for ($i=0; $i < count($value[1]); $i++)
+			for ($i = 0, $c = count($value[1]); $i < $c; $i++)
 			{
 				$m->addParam(new XML_RPC_Values($value[1][$i], 'string'));
 			}
@@ -546,7 +540,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function multicall_error($err)
+	public function multicall_error($err)
 	{
 		$str  = is_string($err) ? $this->xmlrpcstr["multicall_${err}"] : $err->faultString();
 		$code = is_string($err) ? $this->xmlrpcerr["multicall_${err}"] : $err->faultCode();
@@ -566,7 +560,7 @@
 	 * @param	mixed
 	 * @return	object
 	 */
-	function do_multicall($call)
+	public function do_multicall($call)
 	{
 		if ($call->kindOf() != 'struct')
 		{
@@ -597,11 +591,10 @@
 			return $this->multicall_error('notarray');
 		}
 
-		list($a,$b)=each($params->me);
-		$numParams = count($b);
+		list($a,$b) = each($params->me);
 
 		$msg = new XML_RPC_Message($scalar_value);
-		for ($i = 0; $i < $numParams; $i++)
+		for ($i = 0, $numParams = count($b); $i < $numParams; $i++)
 		{
 			$msg->params[] = $params->me['array'][$i];
 		}
@@ -619,6 +612,5 @@
 }
 // END XML_RPC_Server class
 
-
 /* End of file Xmlrpcs.php */
-/* Location: ./system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Location: ./system/libraries/Xmlrpcs.php */
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/changelog.rst b/user_guide_src/source/changelog.rst
index 54237e3..be83f09 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/changelog.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/changelog.rst
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
    -  Added support 3gp, 3g2, mp4, wmv, f4v, vlc Video files to mimes.php.
    -  Added support m4a, aac, m4u, xspf, au, ac3, flac, ogg Audio files to mimes.php.
    -  Changed logger to only chmod when file is first created.
+   -  Removed previously deprecated SHA1 Library.
 
 -  Helpers
 
@@ -54,12 +55,14 @@
 	 -  Product Name strictness can be disabled via the Cart Library by switching "$product_name_safe"
 	 -  Added function remove() to remove a cart item, updating with quantity of 0 seemed like a hack but has remained to retain compatability
    -  Minor speed optimizations and method & property visibility declarations in the Calendar Library.
+   -  Removed SHA1 function in the :doc:`Encryption Library <libraries/encryption>`.
 
 -  Core
 
    -  Changed private functions in CI_URI to protected so MY_URI can
       override them.
    -  Removed CI_CORE boolean constant from CodeIgniter.php (no longer Reactor and Core versions).
+   -  Added method get_vars() to CI_Loader to retrieve all variables loaded with $this->load->vars()
 
 Bug fixes for 3.0
 ------------------
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/database/active_record.rst b/user_guide_src/source/database/active_record.rst
index 228d1d5..1600f0b 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/database/active_record.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/database/active_record.rst
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
 utilize `$this->db->from()`_ and did not pass a table name into the first 
 parameter. The reason for this outcome is because the query has not been 
 executed using `$this->db->get()`_ which resets values or reset directly 
-using `$this-db->reset_query()`_.
+using `$this->db->reset_query()`_.
 
 
 $this->db->get_where()
@@ -96,8 +96,7 @@
 
 Please read the about the where function below for more information.
 
-.. note:: get_where() was formerly known as getwhere(), which has been
-removed
+.. note:: get_where() was formerly known as getwhere(), which has been removed
 
 $this->db->select()
 ===================
@@ -789,7 +788,7 @@
 This works exactly the same way as ``$this->db->get_compiled_insert()`` except
 that it produces an UPDATE SQL string instead of an INSERT SQL string.
 
-For more information view documentation for `$this->get_compiled_insert()`_.
+For more information view documentation for `$this->db->get_compiled_insert()`_.
 
 
 *************
@@ -864,7 +863,7 @@
 This works exactly the same way as ``$this->db->get_compiled_insert()`` except
 that it produces a DELETE SQL string instead of an INSERT SQL string.
 
-For more information view documentation for `$this->get_compiled_insert()`_.
+For more information view documentation for `$this->db->get_compiled_insert()`_.
 
 ***************
 Method Chaining
@@ -933,10 +932,8 @@
 	where, like, group_by, having, order_by, set
 
 
-
-*******************
-Reset Active Record
-*******************
+$this->db->reset_query()
+========================
 
 Resetting Active Record allows you to start fresh with your query without 
 executing it first using a method like $this->db->get() or $this->db->insert(). 
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/database/configuration.rst b/user_guide_src/source/database/configuration.rst
index 433c671..4f88c25 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/database/configuration.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/database/configuration.rst
@@ -158,6 +158,7 @@
 			while developing an application.
 **port**		The database port number. To use this value you have to add a line to the database config array.
 			::
+			
 				$db['default']['port'] =  5432;
 ======================  ==================================================================================================
 
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/cart.rst b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/cart.rst
index fbf7778..6594b3b 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/cart.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/cart.rst
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
 Permits you to update items in the shopping cart, as outlined above.
 
 $this->cart->remove(rowid);
-**********************
+***************************
 
 Allows you to remove an item from the shopping cart by passing it the rowid.
 
@@ -267,12 +267,12 @@
 Displays the total amount in the cart.
 
 $this->cart->total_items();
-****************************
+***************************
 
 Displays the total number of items in the cart.
 
 $this->cart->contents(boolean);
-************************
+*******************************
 
 Returns an array containing everything in the cart. You can sort the order,
 by which this is returned by passing it "true" where the contents will be sorted
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@
 first added to the basket to last added to the basket.
 
 $this->cart->has_options(rowid);
-*********************************
+********************************
 
 Returns TRUE (boolean) if a particular row in the cart contains options.
 This function is designed to be used in a loop with
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 as shown in the Displaying the Cart example above.
 
 $this->cart->product_options(rowid);
-*************************************
+************************************
 
 Returns an array of options for a particular product. This function is
 designed to be used in a loop with $this->cart->contents(), since you
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/encryption.rst b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/encryption.rst
index 80b45e4..28bdca2 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/encryption.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/encryption.rst
@@ -126,21 +126,6 @@
 Please visit php.net for a list of `available
 modes <http://php.net/mcrypt>`_.
 
-$this->encrypt->sha1();
-=======================
-
-SHA1 encoding function. Provide a string and it will return a 160 bit
-one way hash. Note: SHA1, just like MD5 is non-decodable. Example::
-
-	$hash = $this->encrypt->sha1('Some string');
-
-Many PHP installations have SHA1 support by default so if all you need
-is to encode a hash it's simpler to use the native function::
-
-	$hash = sha1('Some string');
-
-If your server does not support SHA1 you can use the provided function.
-
 $this->encrypt->encode_from_legacy($orig_data, $legacy_mode = MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, $key = '');
 ==========================================================================================
 
diff --git a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/loader.rst b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/loader.rst
index bbe2ed5..2090404 100644
--- a/user_guide_src/source/libraries/loader.rst
+++ b/user_guide_src/source/libraries/loader.rst
@@ -165,6 +165,12 @@
 your views. This is useful if for any reason a var is set in a library
 or another controller method using $this->load->vars().
 
+$this->load->get_vars()
+===========================
+
+This function retrieves all variables available to
+your views.
+
 $this->load->helper('file_name')
 =================================